经部领导批准，戴斌同志赴澳门参加由澳门特别行政区政府主办、中国•全联旅游业商会协办的第七届世界旅游经济论坛，并发表题为“迎接世界旅游休闲中心的大湾区时代”的主题演讲。中英文如下：
女士们，先生们，
旅游休闲是澳门经济可持续发展的重要基石，。近年来，特区政府和社会各界同心协力，稳步推进世界旅游休闲中心建设，成就斐然。凭有限空间的娱乐、休闲、文化资源和贸易物流中心地位，吸引了世界各地的游客心往身至。2017年澳门接待入境游客人数超过3200万，同比增长5.4%，过夜入境游客超过1700万，同比增长高达9.9%。这确是件值得包括澳门同胞在内的每一个中国人都感到骄傲和自豪的事情。
谁的万丈红尘，不是他人的蓬头垢面。澳门取得的这些成绩，离不开城市领导者和公共部门旅游规律的把握，离不开市民和社会各界对“景观之上是生活”、对“主客共享”等当代旅游休闲理念的共识和努力。去年11月份，澳门被联合国教科文组织评为“创意城市美食之都”。游客来到澳门可以与市民共享的覆盖全境免费Wifigo，可以在政府办公的地方享受公共图书馆，可以在关口免费获取世界文化遗产地图信息。游客对澳门的人情味和包容性的正面评价之多，令我们专业研究机构都由衷地赞叹。比如，“最让我感动的是有次跟一个出租车师傅聊天，他问我是不是澳门人，我说不是，但是有ID。他一脸你白痴的样子说，有ID就是澳门人啦。感觉比国内很多地方都包容”。人是最美丽的风景，在澳门得到了最好的诠释。
澳门与内地、澳门与香港密切的旅游交流和务实合作，为世界旅游休闲中心奠定了稳定的市场基础。2017年内地到访澳门旅游人数2220万人次，占澳门入境旅游市场的68.1%，澳门居民赴内地旅游人数2215万人次，占内地入境旅游市场的16%。港澳互访游客数量虽然近年来有所下降，但仍然是各自仅次于内地的第二大客源市场。
女士们，先生们，
看到成就的同时，我们也关注澳门旅游休闲业今后的发展方向和可能的提升空间。从数据结构上看，首次访澳人数比重高达59.3%，两次到访问的比重为21.9%。一日游比重高达47.1%，其中一半的游客平均停留时间在6小时以内。2005年的游客人均消费1526澳门元，2017年的数据是1990澳门元，考虑到物价上涨和汇率走弱的因素，几乎没有上升。
从中国旅游研究院重点监测的内地出境旅游者满意度评价来看，澳门在旅游目的地样本国家和地区的排名处于中等偏弱的位置，总体得分的提升空间有限。从网上评价来看，内地游客对本地旅游预订、旅行服务、住宿品质，特别是当地居民态度一直评价很高，对餐饮、交通和价格指数评价也不错，但是对景区、休闲娱乐、购物和行业管理的评价相对偏低。究其原因，应与面积相对狭小、容量相对有限、产业结构相对单一有很大关系。游客做澳门攻略时最关注的几个问题均与此有关：一天时间如何玩出最澳门的感觉?澳门一日游的最佳路线是什么?去赌场赌一把是什么体验?支付宝或者微信支付便利吗?晚上有什么地方好玩又安全的?对标志性景点大三巴的评价主要则是“人从众”，只是首次到访游客的打卡点，对于购物环境反映比较集中的是性价比偏低，店大欺客。
女士们，先生们，
随着港珠澳大桥的通车和粤港澳大湾区国家战略的实施，澳门与香港和珠三角城市群的人员往来将更加频繁，旅游交流的空间将进一步扩大，产业合作的基础将进一步增强，。无论是世界旅游休闲中心的建设，还是澳门未来旅游发展战略的谋划，都需要在国家战略的大背景下，结合即将形成的“黄金三小时旅游圈”深化研究和重新思考。2017年，香港来澳游客占比已降至20%以内，游客停留时间也缩短至0.9天。港珠澳大桥通车后，如何有效提升大湾区市民的重游率，延长逗留时间，优化休闲消费结构?应该是优先思考的现实课题。
囊括九城两区的粤港澳大湾区，以其日益完善的交通网络为区域内旅行提供了通达的便利。粤港澳湾区的轨道交通网络已经基本形成，加上明天开始通车的港珠澳大桥和很快建成的中深通道，将形成连接深港、广佛和珠澳三大经济圈的闭合快速路网。接下来，我们需要加强法律、，比如三地机动车牌照和驾驶证件的互认，深圳以外的其它城市进入澳门的签注便利化，公共交通系统的有机衔接。
在互联互通和民心相通的基础上，澳门可依托大湾区的内地城市作为旅游集散地，进一步吸引中南、西南地区的客源。2017年，排在第一位的内地客源来自广东，有900万人次。接下来就是湖南，超过100万，这意味着广东之外的泛珠三角客源市场也有很大的开发价值。在城市愈加成为独立目的地的今天，未来澳门可联合内地城市，尤其粤港澳大湾区城市群，联合开展市场推广和专项营销。
借助粤港澳大湾区特别是珠海的基础设施和商业资源，务实深化旅游产业合作，以突破面积狭小和接待能力的限制。通过发展社区旅游，固然可在一定程度上提高微型经济体的社会文化承载力，但是以澳门现有的人口密度和狭窄的面积，接待好持续攀升的游客肯定是不可持续的。想像一下，游客白天漫步澳门街区，品尝澳门美食，参加各种节事活动。到了晚上，有人选择继续在本地夜间游览和住宿，有人则搭乘公共交通工具，或者自驾通过珠港澳大桥，或者步行出拱北海关，去横琴、珠海、香港宵夜和住宿，第二天再回来继续体验本地休闲生活。从供给侧看，珠海拥有的滨海度假资源、大型主题公园，以及大湾区的滨海、水网湿地等自然生态资源，均与澳门的博彩、美食等文化休闲资源具有天然的互补性。
完善的商业体系和高品质的生活环境，由此自发形成的休闲氛围，是国际旅游休闲中心的宗旨、导向和可持续发展的保障。好的旅游目的地需要空间拓展，更需要内容创造。世界旅游休闲城市的发展经验表明，相对充裕的物质基础、追求品质的生活态度和现代化治理水平是关键要素。与东京的繁华、巴黎的时尚和香港行色相比，澳门居民的生活显得更加淡定从容。当前来澳门游客的自由行比例已经高达83%，其中26-35岁的青年人五成左右，他们愿意选择圣诞节和情人节来澳门体验欧美情调，购物，美食、演艺秀是其主要出游动机。随着游客越来越进入目的地公共生活空间和休闲场所，这种悠闲气质以及由此而来的人的连接，必然成为游客追寻的美丽风景和向往的美好生活。
当代旅游经济运行越来越离不开移动互联网、人工智能、大数据、文化创意和共享经济的新动能。相对于内地旅游业日新月异的科技创新、市场创新和管理创新，澳门的互联网企业不多，人才储备有限，短期内难以支撑和引领旅游休闲领域的创业创新。为抓住粤港澳大湾区建设的时代机遇，务实推进世界旅游休闲中心建设，澳门需要在这方面加快步伐，一方面完善相关法律，，另一方面要包容、宽容和促进的理念，扩大与内地和香港的专业人员交流，促进本土商业机构的创新发展。
卡尔·马克思说过：消费并不完全都是劳动力的再生产过程，真正的消费就是一种人性的恢复过程。当世界旅游休闲中心遇见粤港澳大湾区，美好生活开始链接文化建设和旅游发展，澳门徐徐拉开了新时代旅游的大幕。
Distinguished Guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Tourism and leisure is an important cornerstone for Macao’s economic sustainability and part of regional development strategy supported by the Central Government. With the concerted efforts made by the Macao SAR Government and all walks of life, building Macao into a world tourism and leisure center is making steady progress with remarkable achievements. Macao has successfully attracted visitors from all over the world with its distinctive entertainment, recreation, cultural resources and trade center despite its limited geographical area. In 2017 alone, Macao received inbound tourists of up to 32mn, up by 5.4% year on year. Among them, tourists staying overnight exceeded 17mn, up by 9.9% year on year. This is truly something every Chinese including all Macao compatriots feel proud of.
Any success comes from hard work and diligent efforts. These achievements can never be accomplished without in-depth understanding by the city leadership and the public agencies of tourism rules, the consensus Macao citizens and all sectors of the community have had on the tourism concepts such as “Life is above landscape“ and “Both Hosts and Guests Enjoy “ , as well as the efforts made by them. In last Nov., Macao was rated by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as Creative Cities of Gastronomy. Visitors and residents here in Macao can have access to free WiFigo and public libraries, and receive the World Cultural Heritage Map at the pass. Even professional research institutes like us admire so many generous positive comments visitors have given Macao on the city’s human touch and inclusiveness. For example, “What touches me most is when I told a sewer cleaning worker in Macao that I was not a local but I had an ID, he answered quite naturally that “You are Macanese as long as you have an ID.” This is one thing that makes me feel Macao is more inclusive than many cities in the Mainland. “ The statement that people are the most beautiful scenery is demonstrated best in Macao.
The practical exchanges and cooperation in tourism business between Macao and Mainland China and between Macao and Hong Kong have laid a solid foundation of steady markets for Macao as a world tourism and leisure center. In 2017, Macao received the Mainland tourists of up to 22.20mn, accounting for 68.1% of inbound tourists; Macao tourists to the Mainland reached 22.15mn, accounting for 16% of all tourists the Mainland received. Although the exchange of the tourists between Hong Kong and Macao has declined in the number of tourists, they are the second largest source market next to the Mainland.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
With the achievements in mind, we have also paid attention to the future direction and improvement room of Macao’s tourism and leisure industry. By Looking at the data, it is found that the number of first-time tourists to Macao made up for 59.3% of its total, two-time tourists 21.9% and one-day tourists up to 47.1%, including half of them staying for no longer than six hours. The spending per capita was 1526 patacas in 2005 and 1990 patacas in 2017. This amounts to little increase considering the price rise and weakened exchange rate.
Judging by the satisfaction of Mainland tourists to Macao monitored by China Tourism Academy, Macao ranks slightly-below-middle place among all tourist destinations, with the overall score to be much raised. According to the comments given online, the Mainland tourists speak highly of Macao in terms of booking, travel service, hotel quality, food, transport and pricing, and especially local residents’ hospitality, while speaking relatively low of scenic spots, leisure and recreation, shopping and administration. In my opinion, this is due largely to Macao having small area, limited capacity and un-diversified industrial structure. These are reflected in the issues that the potential tourists are most concerned about when planning a trip to Macao, including how to experience the most distinctive Macao in one day? What is the best route of one-day tour in Macao? How does it feel to gamble at casino? Can we pay using Alipay or WeChat? Are there any places in the evening which are full of fun and safe ? The comments on the iconic spot - Ruins of St. Paul focus on “too many people”, just like a clock-in point for first-time visitors. As for the shopping environment, many people report that the shops in Macao have low cost-performance ratio and even cheat or overcharge the tourists.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
As Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is open to traffic and the national strategy of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has been carried out, there will be an increasing number of people travelling between Macao, Hong Kong and city clusters in Pearl River Delta Region, more tourism activities and industrial cooperation, and the most importantly, the consolidated support given by the Central Government to Macao. Either the building of the world tourism and leisure center, or the planning of future tourism development strategy needs to deepen study and give reconsideration in the context of national strategy and taking into account the upcoming “Golden Three-hour Sightseeing Circle”. In 2017, the Hong Kong visitors to Macao dropped to less than 20% and their stay duration declined to 0.9 day. The realistic matter deserving in-depth research is how to effectively raise the re-visit rate of the locals living in the Greater Bay Area, prolong their stay and optimize the leisure spending structure.
Guangdong -Hong Kong - Macao Greater Bay Area encompassing nine cities and two SARs boasts ever-maturing transport network and provides easy accessibility for travelers in the Area. Its already developed urban rail transport network, coupled with the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge to be open to traffic tomorrow and the Shenzhen - Zhongshan Channel to be completed soon will form a close loop of fast highways linking Shenzhen-Guangzhou, Guangzhou - Foshan, and Zhuhai - Macao economic circles. Next, we need to facilitate the interconnection of laws, supervision and policies between the three regions, for example, mutual recognition of vehicle license plates and driver’s licenses, facilitated registration of vehicles entering Macao from other cities (excluding Shenzhen), as well as the organic connection of public transport systems.
Based on infrastructure interconnection and thriving people-to-people exchanges, Macao may rely on the Mainland cities in the Greater Bay Area as tourism to attract tourists from Southwest China and South-Central China. In 2017, Guangdong contributed to the largest share of the Mainland tourists to Macao, reaching 9mn person/times. Next was Hunan Province which had more than 1 mn tourists to Macao in the same year. This means the tourist source markets beyond Guangdong have considerable values for exploration. In the context where individual cities are increasingly becoming independent tourist destinations, Macao can join the Mainland cities, especially those in the Greater Bay Area to make combined efforts to carry out tourism promotion and marketing activities.
Relying on the developed infrastructure and business resources in the Area, especially Zhuhai, we need to deepen the cooperation in tourism industry to break the constraints of small geographical areas and low accommodation capacity. Promoting community tourism can certainly raise the micro-economy’s bearing capacity of social culture, but the current population density and small area has made it unsustainable for Macao to receive the constantly growing number of tourists. Just imagine. In the daytime, the tourists walk around the blocks to taste delicious food and visit scenic spots. In the evening, some choose to continue to go sightseeing and stay overnight, others either take bus, or drive through Hong Kong - Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, or go on foot through Gongbei Customs to Hengqin Island, Zhuhai or Hong Kong for night snacks and stay overnight there, and then come back to Macao to experience the local leisure life. Looking from the supply side, Zhuhai has coastal holiday resorts, large-scale theme parks, river network and wetland and other ecological resources, are perfectly complementary to Macao’s gambling industry, distinctive food and leisure culture.
Mature commercial system and high-quality living environment, as well as the self-formed leisure atmosphere are the guarantee for Macao’s purpose, orientation and sustainability as an international tourism and leisure center. A good tourist destination needs space expansion and content creation. The experience learned from the world tourism and leisure cities indicates that relatively adequate material basis, quality-seeking life attitude for high quality and modern government level are the key factors. Compared to Tokyo’s flourishing , Paris’ fashion and Hong Kong’s bustling hurry, life in Macao looks more tranquil and calm. At present, the proportion of self-guided tour among tourists to Macao is 83%, including 50% of young people aged 26-35. They would prefer to visiting Macao during Christmas and/or Valentine’s Day to experience European and American sentiment, mainly for shopping, savoring gourmet food and watching art performance. As tourists increasingly enter public life space and leisure facility in their destinations, the leisure temperament and the connection of people it attracts will definitely turn into the beautiful scenery and good life tourists admire to have.
The contemporary tourism economy cannot go without the new driving forces generated by mobile Internet, Artificial Intelligence, big data, culture creativity and sharing economy. The Mainland tourism industry has constantly implemented innovation in technology, market and management. By contrast, Macao does not have many Internet businesses with limited talent pool, thus having difficulty supporting and leading the entrepreneurship and innovation in tourism and leisure industry in a short time. To seize the opportunity brought by the construction of the Greater Bay Area and push forward the building of the world tourism and leisure center in Macao, Macao needs to speed up in this aspect by improving relevant laws and strengthening supervision by laws on the one hand, and on the other hand, expand the exchanges with professionals in Hong Kong and the Mainland with inclusive concepts, and promote innovative development of local commercial institutions.
As Karl Marx said, consumption is not entirely the reproduction of labor force and real consumption is a process of humanity restoration. When the world tourism and leisure center meets the Guangong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and good life is linked to cultural building and tourism development, Macao is raising the curtains of tourism development in the new era.
